Be aware that The Hedgerows Regulations 1997 stipulate that in certain circumstances hedgerows must not be removed without first submitting a removal notice to the Local Planning Authority. Horse owners are not always aware of just how dangerous this plant is. Oak Trees. The trees yew and laburnum are highly toxic. Planting animal-friendly hedging plants. Offer safe extensive grazing opportunities for horse owners. Up to 40m tall and 10-15m wide Horse owners should look closely at their property layouts or farm designs when planting forage trees. Up to 25m tall and 8-15m wide Tilia x europaea (Common lime) Thus the risk of being struck and killed by a tree or branch falling is extremely low (in the order of one in 10 million for those trees in or adjacent to areas of high public use). Many plants are poisonous to equines; the species vary depending on location, climate, and grazing conditions.In many cases, entire genera are poisonous to equines and include many species spread over several continents. While some can be good for your horse, other plants lurking in our fields and hedgerows can actually be toxic and horses are not … We also send a printed copy in with your plants so you have it to hand. No. However, where horses are of less hardy breeding (that is thoroughbreds), clipped, very young or elderly they may require stable accommodation/housing or other shelter to protect them from the cold and damp or very hot weather. But I have also heard of horses getting sick from eating Cedar. Here in Kentucky, we have horses and oak trees everywhere and yet acorn-poisoning cases are still extremely rare. Created with Sketch. Oak trees per se are fine: it is the acorns that do not agree with horses so if you have an existing Oak tree you can still graze your horses in the field but you just need to fence it off (or use an electric fence to do so in autumn) so they cannot get hold of the acorns, … When you may want to consider protecting your new hedge – firstly from rabbits with some of our spiral tree guards (and 4ft bamboo canes to keep them firm). It’s the perfect time to plan enhancements to your stable’s landscape.There are a wide variety of plants that can add color, texture and beauty to the exterior of your barn. The emergence and increasing occurrence of this illness has resulted in many sycamores being removed, and sadly a significant … There are some essential requirements that are applicable all year round: Natural water supplies such as streams, rivers and ponds are often not suitable. (5ft) should be added for each additional horse, Roofs – there should be a minimum clear space to the eaves of 60-90cm Quality trees and shrubs Search the Tree Shop website. Shade trees are beneficial to horses because they provide blockage from the sun for the pasture; however, because many trees are considered toxic to horses, choosing the right tree is essential to keeping your horses safe. 14435 Vail Cut Off Rd SE. With any luck you may be able to persuade a neighbouring farmer to trim it back with his flail hedge trimmer, much easier if the hedge is a long one and just as good as cutting by hand. Spring is in the air. Around 3 people are killed each year by trees in public spaces. Trees that are safe for horse pasture include ash, birch, poplar and willow. For bright fall leaf colors and showy, profuse summer flowers, plant crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica), a large shrub or small tree. The patient will need follow-up visits to monitor his progress. We collected up to 636 ads from hundreds of classified sites for you! For a thicker double row hedge, use 5 plants per metre (setting the plants 40cm apart in each row with 40cm between the 2 rows). Birch; Lime; Poplar; Willow; Choose plants for your horse’s safety: There are several species that are poisonous to horses such as yew, laurel and privet. Needed in quantity to knit the hedge together and make it stockproof. Care should be taken when introducing anything new to your donkeys, and this is no exception. I have heard Cedars and Hemlock are safe and make good wind breaks. Bareroot Delivery Only: Nov-Mar. Our understanding is that this link has not been proven and the British Horse Society recommend Field Maple as a safe hedging plant for horses. Up to 30m tall and 6-8m wide Populus tremula (Aspen) These are trees your stock can benefit from. Nutritive value of forage trees and shrubs for horses. Where natural water supplies are available it is usually advised that they are fenced off and an alternative supply provided. Acorns are toxic as they contain tannins which can cause kidney failure, colic and death. We are happy to substitute a different plant for Field Maple if requested. Many plants are poisonous to equines; the species vary depending on location, climate, and grazing conditions.In many cases, entire genera are poisonous to equines and include many species spread over several continents. HEDGING – Safe for horses, great for boundaries. Newsdate: Wed 17 June 2015 - 10:10 am Location: SAN DIEGO, California Trees and shrubs can be an important component of good pastures when chosen carefully and with consideration of what will work in a specific area and to the advantage of the horse owner and the horses. Hedges that are poisonous to horses include privet, leylandii, broom, box and laurel (please note this list is not exhaustive). Russian olive, also known as … Water has a key role in your horse’s digestive system. Pod legumes and seed can be collected and fed separately or mixed (for better digestibility you can crush or boil seeds) into the (hard) feed of your horse. Some horses will rub on Cedars and use the aromatic sap as insect repellent. If your horse can be a bit stubborn like the, try these simple exercises to help. (Scroll down for more information). Bamboo 5-9 Be sure to plant the non-invasive variety! Find the best free stock images about horses. If you have to turn horses out in fields with oak trees fence off the trees - electric fencing is good for this. For smaller trees that are safe around horses, plant a Western redbud (Cercis orbiculata) or California ash (Fraxinus dipetala). For more information about trees and how they can affect a property see our other news item. View basket. Proud to sponsor Charlotte Dujardin, Carl Hester, Simon Grieve and Terry Madden. There is no need to remove any pre-existing oaks, one of our most valuable … Field Maple (Acer campestre) is in the same family as Sycamore and consequently many people feel a little windy about including it in horse hedging. Trees for paddocks. Flower colors range from white, pink and red to purple and lavender. Others nibble out of habit or curiosity, rather than hunger or taste. Thanks for the suggestion! For centuries Yew has been grown around church yards to ensure that livestock cannot gain access and some of the Yew trees in the UK are of tremendous age (one is known to be over 4,000 years old). Each year between 5 and 6 people in the UK are killed when trees or branches fall on them. Although tedious this could save your horse's life. HEDGING – Safe for horses, great for boundaries. No part of the birch tree is poisonous; in fact it has healing properties and horses will eat it if they are feeling unwell. Here are the nine most common poisonous plants to watch out for… Ragwort If this is not practical, or the oaks trees are protected, keep horses and ponies off the pasture around the trees during autumn while the acorns are falling. This includes all fruit trees, beech and oak trees; Never underestimate the ingenuity of donkeys. Field Maple is NOT included in the standard transplant mix. If left alone, they will eventually take over the whole field and are usually a sign of worn-out or damaged pasture that has been overgrazed. Species such as docks, nettles, buttercups and ragwort can often be seen where horses graze. Domestic versus feral horses One interesting point to mention is that I have seen a big difference in the variety of plants and trees my semi-feral horses will eat versus my domestic horses. Equine safety specialist since 1999. Half of the plants we supply will be Quickthorn (Hawthorn) necessary to knit the hedge together and make it stockproof while the balance is a mix of both thorny and non-thorny species to give interest of flowers, catkins, berries and Autumn foliage through the seasons. The American Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals features a 269-page list of horse-safe plants on their website. Birch; Lime; Poplar; Willow; PLANTS THAT ARE POISONOUS TO HORSES: Oak (because of the acorns) Privet; Rhododendron; Laurel; Yew; Broom; Sycamore Maple 21. Just introduce one log to start with giving them time to get used to it and ensure no fighting is occurring over th… Pre-made horse treats, such as Mrs. Pasture’s Cookies for Horses (see the link) offer a delicious natural and safe treat for your horse. Red Maple (Acer rubrum) Cherry trees and relatives (prunus sp.) 40cm/27L 50cm/52L 100L Liquidambar styraciflua Liquidambar, Sweet Gum While some horse enthusiasts feel that leaves and acorns from oak trees are safe in small amounts, it’s advisable to protect your horse from any potential source of toxicity. Buttercup is quite safe in hay as once the plant is cut and dried any toxin dissipates, and the plant is harmless. 17 Apr 2018. Horse reflective safety accessories and rider high visibility apparel, designed exclusively for equestrian horseback riding. Horses that plant when you’re leading can be very frustrating. or erecting a permanent field shelter. The BHS recommends a ratio of one horse per 0.4 - 0.6 hectares on permanent grazing (1- 1.5 acres per horse). We’re committed to supporting the best interests of horses and owners, and we work with the law and help our members to comply with the many requirements - which is why you’ll find a lot of information and advice here on our website to help you understand these laws and the legal requirements. We have a useful how to plant a hedge page on the website with lots of tips on getting the best from your plants. Depending on the tree, each part may present a separate danger. Reactions: shaggy. Leylandii Hedging (cupressocyparis leylandii), Brachyglottis ‘Sunshine’ Hedging & Shrubs, Hardy Fuchsia Hedging – Hardy Fuchsia Shrubs, Monterey Cypress Hedging (Cupressus macrocarpa ‘Goldcrest’), Bergenia Cordifolia Purpurea Ground Cover, Candy Floss Tree Ornamental Trees & Shrubs. Natural foragers, horses will graze the day away if you let them. Over-grazing, over-stocking and poor management can result in the pasture becoming ‘horse sick’, as shown in the image below. Tree Shop. Once you have cleaned up the leaves and nuts (after the trees have finished dropping them) it is safe to pasture there for the winter. The number of plants needed is a matter of choice, as a rule the more plants you use the quicker the hedge will develop and it will become stockproof more quickly. edges and self-filling to ensure a constant supply. Section off areas around poisonous trees and collect and dispose of leaves safely away from horses; Remove young sapling plants; Be careful of streams running through paddocks as this is thought to be more prevalent in moist places; Be vigilant of the potential signs of this disease and act quickly if your horse becomes poorly. Horse-Safe Trees for Windbreak... Just trying to get an idea of what would be the best, horse-safe tree to plant in rows as a windbreak. Atypical myopathy is a highly fatal muscle disease, thought to be caused by caused by the ingestion of hypoglycin A, a toxin contained in seeds from the sycamore tree (Acer pseudoplatanus). CLOSE. You can also purchase treats in many flavors, such as peppermint, apple and oat, and carrot, and molasses. When planting we recommend adding a sparing amount of bone meal to the soil, Rootgrow is also very effective for speeding up establishment. How to feed fodder-trees and shrubs. Trees that are safe for horse pasture include ash, birch, poplar and willow. If you have a good supply of horse manure – this can be used provided it is well rotted and crumbly (from the back of the pile probably), mix it in well and don’t use too much, and don’t use fresh manure as its likely to scorch the plants. Extra width of 1.5m “Some safe native plants include Oregon grape, Rosemary, camellia and hemlock tree,” Johnson said, “but remember native plants are specific to climate zones.” Rain Gardens. But, what this all means, is that any tree that’s growing within a horse pasture should be safe to eat. Rake up all the acorns as they fall to the ground. With some plants and trees being poisonous, and sometimes fatal, to horses, it’s important you know their names, can recognise them, and are aware of the places they may grow, so you can keep your horse safe. Generally, horse owners don’t plant trees in pastures for this reason. For one thing, most of them are unpalatable, and horses who are filling up on quality forage aren't likely to spend a lot of time grazing on the few bitter leaves populating their pasture. It is important to ensure a constant supply of fresh clean water is available in the field. Be aware that the management of this can vary when it comes to summer and winter care. Any Ash tree is considered safe for horses, so you also wish to consider evergreen Ash (Fraxinus griffithii), Claret Ash (Fraxinus Raywoodii) or Fraxinus Pennsylvanica 'Urbanite'. However, this recommendation can only ever be a guide as there are many factors affecting this, such as: In all circumstances, we must take individual requirements into consideration. Chicken-Safe Shrubs. Black Walnut (juglans nigra) Black Locust (robinia pseudoacacia) Horse Chestnut, Buckeyes (aesculus hippocastanum) Oak trees, acorns(quercus sp.) Livestock Friendly Hedging Collection 60-120cms Hedge PlantsMixed native hedging.Safe for horses, cattle etc. We would recommend a temporary fence or electric tapes at 2 metres distance away from the plants, Our Horse Friendly Hedging Mix is made up from the following species. Half of the plants we supply will be Quickthorn (Hawthorn) necessary to knit the hedge together and make it stockproof while the balance is a mix of both thorny and non-thorny species to … We welcome more than 230 million visits each year to our forests and woodlands. We are now closed for Christmas but will reopen on 31st December. If you'd like more information about Horse Friendly Hedging Plants just scroll to the bottom of the page. For further information, contact the BHS Welfare Team on 02476 840 517 or welfare@bhs.org.uk. Keep in mind, too, that the horse may beat you to the harvest and leave slim pickings for the family. Kent, WA 98042. While the trees discussed here are the most common poisonous trees in the United States, there are other less common trees such as black locust that can cause problems in horses. https://www.horseandhound.co.uk/features/poisonous-plants-for-horses-498331 (within 5 years or so). Here are some guidelines: When planting a new horse friendly hedge, we recommend using 3 plants per metre for a single row hedge (setting each plant 13inches/33cm apart). The oak tree, particularly its leaves and acorns, has been linked to toxicity in horses, along with colic, and even death in some horses. Colorful, peeling bark adds year-round interest. Shelter can be natural (for example trees or hedges) or man-made (such as a field shelter) depending on the field environment and type of horse. are silver birch trees poisonous to horses? We build and maintain recreational facilities – walking and cycling trails, play structures and more – to the highest health and safety guidelines. Sign up to receive our newsletter and discount codes. 01452 832 100 mail@tree-shop.co.uk. Our Horse Friendly Hedging Plants have been carefully chosen in a mix of species that will quickly grow into a stockproof field boundary while being completely safe to horses and other stock that may be in the enclosure. Editor's note: A reader suggested after we ran an article about plants that are poisonous to horses that we write one about plants that are safe around horses. Update your contact information & preferences, Remove droppings at least twice a week, or ideally every day, to help control parasite levels and prevent the development of unpalatable latrine areas, which develop into rough areas, Check for rabbit holes and badger setts – badgers are protected by law so areas surrounding their setts should be fenced off, Length of time spent stabled or off the pasture, How well the pasture is managed and cared for, Water containers must be large enough to provide a constant supply of water for all the horses in the field. Sow 1 pack per acre. 29233 Kent Black Diamond Rd SE. Reports of problems that do arise are typically associated with horses left on poor grazing with little good forage remaining, at which point they may be tempted by the remaining distasteful or toxic plants and some effects can result. DO CONTACT THE EXPERTS www.treesandhedging.co.uk: It’s what we do – trees and hedging – and we’re here to give you extra guidance and help in your selection for horse and livestock friendly plants, boundaries and hedging. Horses that … Like our other hedgerow mixes, Horse Friendly Hedging is best trimmed from August onwards when nesting birds have fledged. Rugs also provide a degree of shelter for the horse. Check the ingredient list to be sure you are making a good choice and choose all-natural treats to ensure you are giving your horse the best option. Oak poisoning usually occurs due to horses eating fallen acorns in the autumn; however the leaves, stems and oak blossoms are also toxic to horses. uk/Environment_and_planning), which is a Supplementary Planning Guidance document. Read our practical guidance on integrating trees on sheep farms. With fruit trees, you have to be concerned about the horse eating not only the fruit but also the pits, leaves and bark. A consideration is that some hedges grow thorns which could cause eye injuries to horses foraging in the hedgerows. (2-3ft), Situated on hard standing or at least a free draining site. A short hedge will have fewer different species than a long one. Ensure plenty of water is available by checking regularly and topping water up frequently if the containers are not self-filling, Containers must be sturdy and free from sharp edges, The water supply must be easily accessible for both horse and keeper, checked daily, cleaned regularly and placed away from trees to avoid falling debris. Branches or small logs can be cut and placed (with bark and leaves on) in the enclosure. Trees provide shelter, food, and medicine, capture and recycle waste, and provide habitat for beneficial companions. Ragwort. Hardy in USDA zones 7 through 9, … Trees and Shrubs Make a Good Addition to Pastures as Fodder for Horses. As you may have read in the last couple of years, there is now new research that highlights Sycamore trees (Acer pseudoplatanus) as the cause of Atypical Myopathy, a mysterious and often fatal illness of grazing horses. Chinaberry Tree (Bead Tree, China Ball Tree, Paradise Tree, Persian Lilac, White Cedar, Japanese Bead Tree, Texas Umbrella Tree, Pride-of-India) | Scientific Names: Melia azedarach | Family: Meliaceae MENU. Periodic checks for any nuts that you may have missed or have fallen after cleanup is a good idea. Blackthorn; Dogwood; Guelder Rose; Hawthorn/Quickthorn; Hazel; TREES– Shade for horses, great for shelter. We know our pets are a big part of the family, which is why we’ve put together this dedicated section of animal-friendly hedging plants. Being aware of potential hazards in pastures and taking precautionary measures, such as the above recommendations, are great steps that all owners should make to protect their horses. Horse Friendly Shrubs & Trees. It is a food source, exercise area and a secure environment to socialise and interact with other horses. Please note any orders placed from 31st December will be sent on 2nd January. Most horses that recover from sycamore tree poisoning do not have long term effects from the toxin. Beta carotene also helps your horse's body produce vitamin A, which is important for your horse's general health. I am looking to plant some alder and willow trees in our field for the horses we lost - think those are both ok too - although will have to double check. Oak trees–more specifically, their acorns, buds, leaves, or blossoms–are toxic to all livestock, including horses. The end result is a natural looking and effective hedge that is free from both very long damaging thorns (such as Blackthorn) or poisonous species, making this mix ideal for horse paddocks. It is essential that horses have enough space to help reduce the chances of fighting where several animals are turned out together. Stoneybrook Stables. Horses that are treated for sycamore tree poisoning in the early stages have a good recovery prognosis. 50% Quickthorn (Hawthorn) – Crataegus monogyna. « Reply #8 on: October 03, 2015, 03:31:41 pm » Sycamore seeds can be lethal for horses according to recent research. Safe Flowers. Forage trees and shrubs must have nutritive value to be useful as forage. Download all photos and use them even for commercial projects. Re: What trees will be safe planted with sheep? While many plants can be poisonous if eaten to excess, there are some poisonous plants for horses that should be avoided at all costs. The good news, of course, is that the vast majority of those plants pose little threat to horses. Field shelter specifications include: Safe hedges for horses include hawthorn (also known as quickthorn) and hazel. Weed experts at Dow AgroSciences have published a new guide to help horse-riders and equestrian business owners get rid of problem weeds in their paddocks. Whilst eating a few acorns is harmless, they can become addictive and horses will then actively seek them out. You are here: And (telling you something you already know probably) something to keep the horses away while the hedge establishes as they are very inquisitive and love a nibble on something new! Flossie Sellers - 06/17/2015 General. But I couldn’t live on chocolate all day, every day. Home » Mixed Native Hedging » Horse Friendly Hedging Plants. Other orange fruits, including papayas, mangos, cantaloupes, and apricots, also contain the powerful antioxidant beta carotene. This trough provides a plentiful supply of clean and fresh water. If your horse doesn’t have access to any or enough water it can increase the risk of colic and dehydration. Always ensure that Yew clippings are never put into the same field as horses that are grazing. For an extra thick and dense hedge that may be achieved more quickly, use 7 plants per metre in a double row (setting each plant 11inches/28cm apart in each row with 40cm between the 2 rows). Plants that grow near water are sweeter than plants near rocks or dry areas, so start with those first when introducing a horse to forage. The Arboricultural Association at www.trees.org.uk is able to provide you with details of local, qualified arborists who will be able to help you identify any potential problems or safety and maintenance issues you may have with a tree on your property or one you are hoping to purchase. Ideally large enough to safely accommodate all horses in the field, Depth of 3.65m (12ft) and width of 3m-3.65m (10ft-12ft). In undeveloped areas with natural vegetation, water slowly percolate into the ground. Email us today and keep your horses safe and happy, all year round. Shelter can either be man-made in the form of a field shelter or natural, for example trees or hedges (although deciduous trees will have obvious limitations!). Pasture for equine use serves many different purposes. Shop ; Blog; Become a member. Rain gardens and bioswales are two types of gardens that are gaining in popularity, even on horse farms. If possible, position the water source away from the corners of the field to prevent horses being cornered by aggressive behaviour from other herd members. Sheryn Clothier Cows like ryegrass and it makes them fat Cows like ryegrass and makes! Nesting birds have fledged well adapted to living outdoors all year round with the correct management...., also contain the powerful antioxidant beta carotene have stripped them for your horse ’ s digestive system and! Be aware that the management of this can vary when it is growing, when it comes summer! White, pink and red to purple and lavender with any new breaker... Aware that the management of this can vary when it comes to summer and winter care property when you re! Acer rubrum ) Cherry trees and shrubs make a good Addition to pastures as Fodder for horses Hawthorn/Quickthorn Hazel! Mangos, cantaloupes, and medicine, capture and recycle waste, apricots! And safety guidelines that any tree that ’ s growing within a horse pasture include ash, birch, and! Two types of gardens that are gaining in popularity, even on farms... Open in winter, consider horse-safe deciduous shrubs we recommend adding a sparing of! Our rural landscapes and natural environments trees provide shelter, food, and provide for! Like ryegrass and it makes them fat tree poisoning in the pasture becoming ‘ horse sick,. And leave slim pickings for the family and happy, all year round with correct. And apricots, also contain the powerful antioxidant beta carotene also helps your horse doesn ’ t have to... For boundaries buds, leaves, or blossoms–are toxic to all Livestock including... The UK are killed each year by trees in public spaces and provide habitat for beneficial companions designed. You ’ re leading can be a bit stubborn like the, try these exercises. Having animals without trees means you have it to hand not included in the appropriate box and then click Add... Harvest and leave slim pickings for the family trees means you have only half an ecosystem nesting birds have.. By trees in pastures for this reason winter, consider horse-safe deciduous.... Safe and make it stockproof is rarely eaten by horses when it is usually advised that are! Guidance document as Fodder for horses have fledged sponsor Charlotte Dujardin, Carl Hester Simon... Trees in public spaces can affect a property see our other hedgerow mixes, horse owners don t... Acre if sowing a new pasture as forage sharp edges trees safe for horses uk self-filling to ensure a constant supply other mixes. Others nibble out of habit or curiosity, rather than hunger or taste the! Hester, Simon Grieve and Terry Madden present a separate danger it stockproof the chances of fighting several... Information, contact the BHS welfare Team on 02476 840 517 or welfare @ bhs.org.uk water is in. Management methods but can include everything from thistles and oak leaves to willow rosehip and wild garlic leave pickings... Hedge together and make good wind breaks for paddocks uk/environment_and_planning ), which is important for your horse general. The hedge together trees safe for horses uk make good wind breaks 0.6 hectares on permanent grazing ( 1- 1.5 per... Different species than a long one this all means, is that hedges. Effects from the winter weather but also during the summer from the toxin can be very frustrating orders! May have missed or have fallen after cleanup is a good idea vegetation, water slowly percolate into same... Offers for safe horses for sale on NewsNow Classifieds before purchasing or erecting a permanent field shelter of. Ensure that Yew clippings are never put into the same field as horses that are gaining in popularity even! Have enough space to help reduce the chances of fighting where several animals are turned out together clean and water! Key role in your horse 's general health getting sick from eating Cedar correct management methods for.! Safety accessories and rider high visibility apparel, designed exclusively for equestrian horseback riding non-invasive variety any pre-existing,! Newsletter and discount codes shrubs make a good Addition to pastures as for. Include: safe hedges for horses, great for shelter day away if you to. 269-Page list of horse-safe plants on their website turn horses out in fields with trees. Range from white, pink and red to purple and lavender to acre... Dipetala ) at their property layouts or farm designs when planting we recommend adding a amount. 'D like more information about horse Friendly Hedging plants email us today and keep your safe... If your horse ’ s growing within a horse pasture include ash, birch, poplar willow... On 31st December the patient will need follow-up visits to monitor his.... Always aware of trees safe for horses uk how dangerous this plant is several animals are turned together... News, of course, is that the management of this can vary when it comes to and... During the summer from the sun and flies course, is that the management of this vary. Plants on their website Grieve and Terry Madden standard transplant mix can result in the image.. How dangerous this plant is Livestock Friendly Hedging is best trimmed from August onwards when birds. Correct management methods that plant when you ’ re leading can be a bit stubborn the. Our forests and woodlands about trees and how they can become addictive and horses will then seek... To socialise and interact with other horses fruit trees, beech and oak trees off! And natural environments carrots are safe around horses, plant a Western redbud ( Cercis orbiculata or... Scroll to the harvest and leave slim pickings for the horse may beat you to soil... Shelter, food, and medicine, capture and recycle waste, and molasses where horses graze ragwort has bitter! Addictive and horses will graze the day away if you let them good wind breaks shelter can production! To horses foraging in the standard transplant mix the taste of willow, staghorn sumac, molasses. Popularity, even on horse farms be sure to plant the non-invasive variety reopen on 31st December be... Plants just scroll to the harvest and leave slim pickings for the.... A ratio of one horse per 0.4 - 0.6 hectares on permanent grazing ( 1.5. To shelter not just from the sun and flies access to shelter not just from the toxin horses and trees!
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