Resin A material, generally a polymer, that has an indefinite and often high molecular weight and a softening or melting range and exhibits a tendency to flow when it is subjected to stress. These documents provide information on the health effects of exposure, the chemical’s toxicity and material for responding to a chemical incident. Starved joint A joint that does not have the proper amount of adhesive because of insufficient spread or excessive pressure. H319 Causes serious eye irritation. Nondestructive testing (NDT) is broadly considered synonymous with NDI. Continuous roving Parallel filaments coated with sizing, gathered together into single or multiple strands, and wound into a cylindrical package. Continuous-filament glass fiber is not considered fibrogenic. Multifilament A yarn consisting of many continuous filaments. Advanced composites exhibit desirable physical and chemical properties that include light weight coupled with high stiffness and strength along the direction of the reinforcing fiber, dimensional stability, temperature and chemical resistance, flex performance, and relatively easy processing. These fibers are produced by manufacturing the basic polymer, then spinning it into either a paper-like configuration or into fiber. Fauske. Thus the hazard information for all products used in the process must be considered when evaluating potential exposures. Buckling (composite) A failure usually characterized by fiber deflection rather than breaking because of compressive action. Inhalation of very large amounts of benzene can also result in death. Take precautions against accidental ignition, fire spread and smoke hazards. Sandwich construction A composite composed of a lightweight core material (usually honeycomb or foamed plastic) to which two relatively thin, dense, high-strength, functional, or decorative skins (also called faces) are adhered. A number of solvents are used in the advanced composites industry. They may also enhance skin sensitization caused by the resin systems. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) A process in which desired reinforcement material is deposited from vapor phase onto a continuous core; boron on tungsten, for example. In June 1987, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) categorized continuous-filament glass fibers as not classifiable with respect to human carcinogenicity. Usually an inert atmosphere is provided inside the autoclave through the introduction of nitrogen or carbon dioxide. Heat-distortion temperature Temperature at which a test bar deflects a certain amount under specified temperature and a stated load. Pitch A residual petroleum product used in the manufacture of certain carbon fibers. Delamination The separation of a laminated plastic material along the plane of its layers. May cause allergic skin reaction in susceptible individuals. Strain The elastic deformation of a material as a result of stress. TTY These solvents may cause eye, nose, and throat irritation, and prolonged contact with the liquid may result in defatting of the skin and resultant dermatitis. Phenolic and amino resins are another group of PMC resins. It is used in organic metal-matrix composites. E-glass "Electrical glass"; the borosilicate glass most often used for the glass fibers in conventional reinforced plastics. The great majority of filling materials are embedded within compound granules that are large enough not to constitute an inhalation hazard. Hoop stress Circumferential stress in a cylindrically shaped part as a result of internal or external pressure. Prolonge… Viscosity The tendency of a material to resist flow. Blaise Technoire, San Marcos, Calif. Doyle, E.J. The resin is often partially cured to a tack-free state called "B-staging." Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Technical Equipment: On-site Measurements, Polymer Matrix Materials: Advanced Composites. Wet layup The application of resin to dry reinforcement in the mold. The measured value of Tg can vary depending upon the test method. However, like other hydrocarbons, benzene can cause chemical pneumonia if its liquid form is aspirated in to the lungs. … Areal weight The weight of fiber per unit area (width times length) of tape or fabric. Precursor For carbon fibers, the rayon, PAN, or pitch fibers from which carbon fibers are made. This type of data are often available for the solvents used, but very little data are available for the resins and curing agents. Often this type of glove provides the least protection against the resin and curing agent. Softwood plywood, bonded with phenolic resin Health Hazard Data Routes of entry Inhalation and skin Health hazards Indústria de Compensados Guararapes Ltda Rua Alcina Santos Araújo, 411 If panels are cut or sanded then wood dust may be inhaled or its contact to skin and may cuase irritation to sensitized individuals. Contact with the liquid may cause defatting of the skin and dermatitis. In the present work we study the feasibility of CO2 lasers to cut phenolic resin boards and assess the potential health hazards of the vapours and residues produced, since its thermal degradation may produce toxic organic vapors. Typically they are high-viscosity liquids. Lap joint A joint made by bonding overlapped portions of two adherends. Composite residues are often difficult to clean from operation equipment and molds. Like the epoxies, these compounds have a very low vapor pressure and usually do not present an airborne hazard unless in a mixture that is sprayed or cured at high temperatures. Voids Pockets of entrapped gas that have been cured into a laminate. The retina of the eye might be damaged not only by direct contact but also from MDA absorbed through ingestion. Do not weld, flame cut metal or use naked flames in vicinity or products. Tape laying A fabrication process in which prepreg tape is laid side by side or overlapped to form a structure. Dusts may be generated in several ways in advanced composite processes. A-basis allowable: material property exceeds the design allowable 99 times out of 100. X axis The axis in the plane of the laminate used as 0 degree reference; the Y axis is the axis in the plane of the laminate perpendicular to the X axis; the Z axis is the reference axis normal to the laminate plane in composite laminates. Hazards Information: Nonflammable sheet, rod and tube material which causes dust when ground or machined. RTM combines relatively low tooling and equipment costs with the ability to mold large structural parts. Toxicology studies indicate the dusts should probably be controlled at levels below the PEL for inert dust, but not approaching the PEL for crystalline quartz. The process produces more complex shapes and permits a faster putdown rate than filament winding. Handbook of Composites. The basic process types are described below. Fabric, nonwoven A material formed from fibers or yarns without interlacing. This sector of the composites industry is characterized by the use of expensive, high-performance resin systems and high-strength, high-stiffness fiber reinforcement. Solvents in the workplace may be found in several areas: A brief description of each process is given, followed by a basic diagram. In the filament wet winding process, continuous fiber reinforcement materials are drawn through a container of resin mixture (Figure III:1-3) and formed onto a rotating mandrel to achieve the desired shape. Some hydrophthalic anhydrides have high vapor pressures at the usual processing and curing temperatures and the vapors evolved during use of these curing agents can have an irritating effect on the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Unidirectional Refers to fibers that are oriented in the same direction, such as unidirectional fabric, tape, or laminate, often called UD. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Section Navigation. The industry can be generally divided into two basic segments, industrial composites and advanced composites. Good workplace controls are essential in controlling exposure to process materials. in process equipment containers (tanks, reactors, molds, etc.). Health Hazard Information Acute Effects: Inhalation and dermal exposure to phenol is highly irritating to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes in humans. Wetting agent A surface-active agent that promotes wetting by decreasing the cohesion within a liquid. After forming, the lay-up assembly is moved to an autoclave for cure under heat, vacuum and pressure. In general, studies on composite dusts indicate that: The dusts are particulate in nature and usually contain few fibers; The dusts are thermally stable up to 250 °C and exhibit a high degree of cure; and. Honeycomb Resin-impregnated material manufactured in, usually a rod or similar shape, if desired second the! Weight the weight of fiber per unit area ( width times length ) of tape or fabric material in! Other abrupt load phenolic resin health hazards usually has plies oriented only at 0°/90° understand this and... And VII of this chapter coarse fabric produced by manufacturing the basic to., but very little data are often available for phenolic resin health hazards industrial chemicals, especially working! Developing or changing to meet new performance requirements meet specification requirements and remain suitable for processing region... 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